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The Death of Jesus - Sacrifacing himself for the People of God for Gerhard Lohfink
Kříž, Ondřej ; Frývaldský, Pavel (advisor) ; Mohelník, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze, present and evaluate the concept of Jesus' death as a sacrifice for God's people in selected texts of the German New Testament exegete Gerhard Lohfink (b. 1934). The thesis briefly introduces the author's life and his areas of research. The second part presents the basic thought structures through which Lohfink approaches the life and mystery of Jesus of Nazareth. This second part also includes a brief christological analysis of Lohfink's texts. While the second part is mostly christological, the following section is focused on soteriology. This chapter is focused on Jesus' death itself. It shows the deep Old Testament background of Jesus' gestures and sayings. Lohfink's interpretation of Jesus' death then culminates in its conception as a covenant sacrifice that Jesus offers on behalf of God's people. Then, in our author's thinking, lays Jesus down his life for Israel, the church, and the world.
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The representation of the biblical themes in the Czech art in the 1940s and 1950s
Frídlová, Klára ; Pech, Milan (advisor) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee)
The thesis deals with the topic of the representation of the Christian themes in the Old and New Testament in the Czech art in the forties and fifties of the twentieth century. There are two time spans that are observed. The first one begins with the commencement of the Second World War and ends in 1948. The second period dates from 1948 until 1960. The text attempts to capture the biblical motifs that appeared most frequently in the works of artists during the 1940s and 1950s. Furthermore, it tries to explain why authors chose the given biblical motifs. This work is dedicated to the artists who were working with the Christian themes for their whole life as well as to those whose works were influenced by these subjects for only a short period of time. Keywords biblical themes, the Old Testament, the New Testament, crucifixion
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Stigmata and stigmatized persons in the Middle Age
Janatová, Nikola ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
(in English): The diploma thesis examines phenomenon of stigmas and stigmatised persons in the Middle Ages. This diploma thesis contains of three parts. The goal of first part is description of Crucifixion symbolism from beginning of Christianity up to first stigmas about Francis of Assisi from 1224. Main part presents its own phenomenon of stigmas: their definition, base and reception in religious and expert field. Final part focuses on significant middle-aged holders of stigmas and analysis of their hagiography. Klíčová slova (anglicky): Stigmas, Jesus Christ, cross, crucifixion, bloody sweat, bloody tears, thorn crown, mysticism, self-identification.
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The Chapel of (Holy) Souls in the Art of the Society of Jesus
Čížkovská, Zdeňka ; Oulíková, Petra (advisor) ; Opatrná, Marie (referee)
Art of Jesuit Chapels of the Deceased The theme of this work is presentation of Jesuit Chapel of the Deceased in Bohemia in the Baroque period. The main idea of these chapels are the last idea of man and reminder to purgatory. The presence of purgatory was unquestionable for Baroque society and very often presentation in art. Purgatory was place, which gives hope to the Catholics for salvation and it was great occasional for using special symbols and emblems, it is a way how the remind a believer to the idea of the Last Judgment.
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Pilate in History and Theology of Gospels
Hon, Jan ; Roskovec, Jan (advisor) ; Mrázek, Jiří (referee)
Pilate in History and Theology of the Gospels, Jan Hon The Apostles' Creed or simply "Creed" says: "suffered under Pontius Pilate". Such formulation can be interpreted once as timestamp - he suffered in the time of Pontius Pilate. In Czech, but also in Latin it also sounds, that he suffered by his endeavour and by his will. The creed does not mention the high priest Caiaphas, the council (Sanhedrin) or the betrayal. Some people, Christians or non-Christians think the formulation could appear more like a time stamp because the Jewish authorities of his time are responsible and guilty for Jesus' passion. Such confidence is based on the Gospel narrative that presents Jesus' trial as showing a picture of a compassionate Pilate who efforts to rescue Jesus. It only blames the high priests, the scribes and the council for Jesus' crucifixion. It is known, that such picture of the trial at the Roman governor as well as at council does comply with the reality known from non- biblical sources. This composition gives a short overview of this. It also shows, that Pilate's guilt can be proven purely from the biblical text. Jesus suffered under Pontius Pilate and the phrase "suffered under" should be understood in full extend of meanings.
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A Reconstruction of the Crucifixion of Jesus of Nazareth from the Archeological Evidence and Ancient Literary Sources
Toman, Petr ; Brož, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ryšková, Mireia (referee)
The thesis A Reconstruction of the Crucifixion of Jesus of Nazareth from the Archeological Evidence and Ancient Literary Sources deals in nine chapters with the crucifixion phenomenon. Due to its dual approach it is divided into two major parts - general and specific. General part firstly presents the latest scientific treatises dedicated to this phenomenon (1), afterwards introduces the only archaeological evidence of crucifixion (2), analyzes semantical span of terms related to crucifixion (3) and ultimately defines the crucifion penalty (4). Specific part deals with the events of Jesus of Nazareth's case following the pronouncement of judgement. Attention is firstly paid to the flogging penalty (5) and afterwards to the analysis of the royal mockery game (6). Further it focuses on the transition scene, mainly on search for topography of the Way of the Cross (7). The Golgota chapters initially pay attention to the psychological abuse, perception of the crucifixion punishment, resemblance of Jesus' cross (8) and afterwards to the physical abuse and the search for causes of Jesus' death from the medical point of view (9). Keywords Jesus, crucifixion, cross, capital punishment, passion narratives, archaeology, antiquity
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Stigmata and stigmatized persons in the Middle Age
Janatová, Nikola ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
(in English): The diploma thesis examines phenomenon of stigmas and stigmatised persons in the Middle Ages. This diploma thesis contains of three parts. The goal of first part is description of Crucifixion symbolism from beginning of Christianity up to first stigmas about Francis of Assisi from 1224. Main part presents its own phenomenon of stigmas: their definition, base and reception in religious and expert field. Final part focuses on significant middle-aged holders of stigmas and analysis of their hagiography. Klíčová slova (anglicky): Stigmas, Jesus Christ, cross, crucifixion, bloody sweat, bloody tears, thorn crown, mysticism, self-identification.
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The Cross in Changing of Times and its Significance in Ancient Society
Roule, Radek ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (advisor) ; Weis, Martin (referee) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
The Cross in Changing of Times and its Significance in Ancient Society The cross is the most widespread symbol appearing worldwide right from the prehistoric times. Though being formed of a very simple shape of two intersecting lines the significance is far reaching. This dissertation looks at the cross both as a sign pointing beyond itself and concentrates on the diversity of its visual appearance. It tries to trace back the possible factors preceding Antiquity influencing the formation of the actual shape in that particular period of history. Although for most part the cross is understood in its connection with the Crucifixion of Christ its history is far more complex beginning in pre-Christian era. The biblical texts present more or less mere allusions of the cross itself. Seen typologically the cross may be understood as the element connecting both Old and New Testament creating a sort of a bridge between them. The careful analysis of the Early Christian documents brings several terms used for the same reality. The most significant are - σταυρός with the Latin equivalent crux and ξύλου (wood) with the Latin equivalent lignum. Later on these give a way to a more general term of σημεῖον (sign) and finally to a symbolic expression "σύμβολον σωτηρίας" (sign-symbol of salvation). The early Christian writers...
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